GoneException when calling post_to_connection on AWS lambda and API gateway

I want to send a message to a websocket client when it connects to the server on AWS lambda and API gateway. Currently, I use wscat as a client. Since the response ‘connected’ is not shown on the wscat console when I connect to the server, I added post_to_connection to send a message ‘hello world’ to the client. However, it raises GoneException.

An error occurred (GoneException) when calling the PostToConnection operation

How can I solve this problem and send some message to wscat when connecting to the server?

My python code is below. I use Python 3.8.5.

import os
import boto3
import botocore

dynamodb = boto3.resource('dynamodb')
connections = dynamodb.Table(os.environ['TABLE_NAME'])

def lambda_handler(event, context):
    domain_name = event.get('requestContext',{}).get('domainName')
    stage       = event.get('requestContext',{}).get('stage')
    connection_id = event.get('requestContext',{}).get('connectionId')
    result = connections.put_item(Item={ 'id': connection_id })

    apigw_management = boto3.client('apigatewaymanagementapi',
                            endpoint_url=F"https://{domain_name}/{stage}")
    ret = "hello world";

    try:
      _ = apigw_management.post_to_connection(ConnectionId=connection_id,
                                             Data=ret)
    except botocore.exceptions.ClientError as e:
      print(e);
      return { 'statusCode': 500,
                    'body': 'something went wrong' }

    return { 'statusCode': 200,
             "body": 'connected'};

Answer

Self-answer: you cannot post_to_connection to the connection itself in onconnect.

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Answer