Here a is a 1D array of integer indices. To give some context, a is the atom indices of the 1st molecules. The return is the atom indices for n identical molecules, each of which contains step atoms. This function basically applies the same atom selection to many molecules
def f(a, step, n):
    a.shape=1,-1
    got = np.repeat(a, n, axis=0)
    blocks = np.arange(0, n*step, step)
    blocks.shape = n, -1
    return got + blocks
For example
In [52]: f(np.array([1,3,4]), 10, 4)
Out[52]:
array([[ 1,  3,  4],
       [11, 13, 14],
       [21, 23, 24],
       [31, 33, 34]])
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Answer
It looks like broadcasting should be enough:
def f(a, step, n):
    return a + np.arange(0, n*step, step)[:, None]
f(np.array([1,3,4]), 10, 4)
output:
array([[ 1,  3,  4],
       [11, 13, 14],
       [21, 23, 24],
       [31, 33, 34]])