How to divide one column by another where one dataframe’s column value corresponds to another dataframe’s column’s value in Python Pandas?

Consider the following data frames in Python Pandas:

DataframeA

ColA	ColB	ColC
1	dog	439
1	cat	932
1	frog	932
2	dog	2122
2	cat	454
2	frog	773
3	dog	9223
3	cat	3012
3	frog	898

DataframeB

ColD	ColE
1	101
2	314
3	124

To note, ColB just repeats it’s string values as ColA iterates upwards. ColC and ColE are random. ColA and ColD correspond. ColD values will never have repeats (like a map).

I want to divide ColC by ColE wherever ColA == ColD and ideally put the resulting value in a new column in DataframeA (or just have it overwrite ColC). The resulting value should be able to have decimals.

How can I do this in Python Pandas?

Answer

you can use .map

if you have multiple keys to join on then merge would be more useful as demonstrated by @anky

df1['ColF'] = df1['ColC'] / df1['ColA'].map(df2.set_index(['ColD'])['ColE'])

ColA   ColB  ColC       ColF
0     1   dog    439   4.346535
1     1   cat    932   9.227723
2     1  frog    932   9.227723
3     2   dog   2122   6.757962
4     2   cat    454   1.445860
5     2  frog    773   2.461783
6     3   dog   9223  74.379032
7     3   cat   3012  24.290323
8     3  frog    898   7.241935